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  ewka13 17.10.2013 (17:07)

  1.
  HCl + NaOH \to NaCl + H_{2}O
  
  H^{+} + Cl^{-} + Na^{+} + OH^{-} \to Na^{+} + Cl^{-} + H_{2}O
  
  H^{+} + OH^{-} \to H_{2}O
  
  2.
  NaOH + HNO_{3} \to NaNO_{3} + H_{2}O
  
  Na^{+} + OH^{-} + H^{+} + NO_{3}^{-} \to Na^{+} + NO_{3}^{-} + H_{2}O
  
  H^{+} + OH^{-} \to H_{2}O
  
  3.
  Na_{2}CO_{3} + 2HCl \to 2NaCl + H_{2}O + CO_{2}\uparrow
  
  2Na^{+} + CO_{3}^{2-} + 2H^{+} + 2Cl^{-} \to 2Na^{+} + 2Cl^{-} + H_{2}O + CO_{2}\uparrow
  
  CO_{3}^{2-} + 2H^{+} \to H_{2}O + CO_{2}\uparrow
  
  4.
  CuSO_{4} + 2NaOH \to Cu(OH)_{2}\downarrow + Na_{2}SO_{4}
  
  Cu^{2+} + SO_{4}^{2-} + 2Na^{+} + 2OH^{-} \to Cu(OH)_{2}\downarrow + 2Na^{+} + SO_{4}^{2-}
  
  Cu^{2+} + 2OH^{-} \to Cu(OH)_{2}\downarrow
  
  5.
  ZnSO_{4} + 2NaOH \to Zn(OH)_{2}\downarrow + Na_{2}SO_{4}
  
  Zn^{2+} + SO_{4}^{2-} + 2Na^{+} + 2OH^{-} \to Zn(OH)_{2}\downarrow + 2Na^{+} + SO_{4}^{2-}
  
  Zn^{2+} + 2OH^{-} \to Zn(OH)_{2}\downarrow
  
  6.
  Zn(OH)_{2}\downarrow + 2NaOH \to Na_{2}ZnO_{2} + 2H_{2}O
  
  Zn(OH)_{2}\downarrow + 2Na^{+} + 2OH^{-} \to 2Na^{+} + ZnO_{2}^{2-} + 2H_{2}O
  
  Zn(OH)_{2}\downarrow + 2OH^{-} \to ZnO_{2}^{2-} + 2H_{2}O
  
  7.
  Zn(OH)_{2}\downarrow + 2HNO_{3} \to Zn(NO_{3})_{2} + 2H_{2}O
  
  Zn(OH)_{2}\downarrow + 2H^{+} + 2NO_{3}^{-} \to Zn^{2+} + 2NO_{3}^{-} + 2H_{2}O
  
  Zn(OH)_{2}\downarrow + 2H^{+} \to Zn^{2+} + 2H_{2}O
  
  8.
  Al_{2}(SO_{4})_{3} + 6NaOH \to 2Al(OH)_{3}\downarrow + 3Na_{2}SO_{4}
  
  2Al^{3+} + 3SO_{4}^{2-} + 6Na^{+} + 6OH^{-} \to 2Al(OH)_{3}\downarrow + 6Na^{+} + 3SO_{4}^{2-}
  
  2Al^{3+} + 6OH^{-} \to 2Al(OH)_{3}\downarrow
  
  9.
  Al(OH)_{3}\downarrow + 3NaOH \to Na_{3}AlO_{3} + 3H_{2}O
  
  Al(OH)_{3}\downarrow + 3Na^{+} + 3OH^{-} \to 3Na^{+} + AlO_{3}^{3-} +3H_{2}O
  
  Al(OH)_{3}\downarrow + 3OH^{-} \to AlO_{3}^{3-} + 3H_{2}O
  
  10.
  Al(OH)_{3}\downarrow + 3HNO_{3} \to Al(NO_{3})_{3} + 3H_{2}O
  
  Al(OH)_{3}\downarrow + 3H^{+} + 3NO_{3}^{-} \to Al^{3+} + 3NO_{3}^{-} + 3H_{2}O
  
  Al(OH)_{3}\downarrow + 3H^{+} \to Al^{3+} + 3H_{2}O
  
  11.
  AgNO_{3} + HCl \to AgCl\downarrow + HNO_{3}
  
  Ag^{+} + Cl^{-} + H^{+} + Cl^{-} \to AgCl\downarrow + H^{+} + NO_{3}^{-}
  
  Ag^{+} + Cl^{-} \to AgCl\downarrow
  
  12.
  AgNO_{3} + NaOH \to AgOH\downarrow + NaNO_{3}
  
  Ag^{+} + NO_{3}^{-} + Na^{+} + OH^{-} \to AgOH\downarrow + Na^{+} + NO_{3}^{-}
  
  Ag^{+} + OH^{-} \to AgOH\downarrow
  
  13.
  2Fe(NO_{3})_{3} + 3Na_{2}CO_{3} \to Fe_{2}(CO_{3})_{3}\downarrow + 6NaNO_{3}
  
  2Fe^{3+} +6NO_{3}^{-} + 6Na^{+} + 3CO_{3}^{2-} \to Fe_{2}(CO_{3})_{3}\downarrow + 6Na^{+} + 6NO_{3}^{-}
  
  2Fe^{3+} + 3CO_{3}^{2-} \to Fe_{2}(CO_{3})_{3}\downarrow
  
  14.
  CaCl_{2} + Na_{2}HPO_{4} \to CaHPO_{4}\downarrow + 2NaCl
  
  Ca^{2+} + 2Cl^{-} + 2Na^{+} + HPO_{4}^{2-} \to CaHPO_{4}\downarrow + 2Na^{+} + 2Cl^{-}
  
  Ca^{2+} + HPO_{4}^{2-} \to CaHPO_{4}\downarrow.

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