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opis Częstochowy po angielsku na dziś pomocy

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    Czestochowa lies on the Krakow-Czestochowa Upland on the Warta River. The city has about 255 000 inhabitants and an area of ​​160 km2. Historically one of the Malopolska. The town has a church and monastery of Jasna Gora with the miraculous image of Our Lady of Czestochowa - the main center of Marian devotion in Poland. For this reason, Czestochowa is regarded as the spiritual capital of the Polish.

    Czestochowa was founded in the eleventh century. The first mention comes from the 1220th The name derives from the Slavic name Częstoch. In the years 1370-1393 was the fief of Czestochowa Wladyslaw of Opole, who in 1382 founded the Pauline monastery. Was given city rights between 1370 and 1377, and in 1502 took place on location at the Magdeburg Law.

    The monastery has been done in the seventeenth century fortress which successfully resisted the Swedish troops during the Flood of 1655. In the second partition went to Prussia. After 1807 was included in the Duchy of Warsaw, and later the Congress Kingdom. Initially, there were old and Częstochówka Czestochowa (city rights since 1717 as New Czestochowa), which were joined August 19, 1826. During this period (1819) was also delineated by the military engineer John Bernhard's main city road - Avenue of the Virgin Mary (now the Avenue of the Blessed Virgin Mary).

    In connection with the position at the Warsaw-Vienna (1846) and the presence of iron ore deposits (currently not in service) since 1870 in Czestochowa began to develop in the metal industry (Huta Czestochowa, which initiated the construction of Bernard Hantke), textiles and paper.

    During World War II Czestochowa was part of the General Government, and was called Tschenstochau. The Germans entered the city September 3, 1939 and the next day made the killings, which have passed into history as the "bloody Monday". In 1940, as part of AB, an intellectual elite extermination of the town.

    During the Polish People's rapid expansion of smelter, which has gained the name of Boleslaw Bierut (after 1989 returned to the original - Huta Czestochowa), resulted in rapid development of the city.

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